Watsons Theory of Human Caring Paper Essay Essay Example

Watsons Theory of Human Caring Paper Essay Essay The lovingness minute is a critical determination in another individual life. every bit good as your life. It is an act of humanity. In kernel. there is more to giving physical intervention ; your presence and support shows the connectivity with another individual at every given minute. It is a shared journey in this life. we should ever take attention of our neighbours. and possibly this can be the chief docket why we live. Medical forces today try their best. in deepnesss of their day’s activity linking with their patients even if it’s for a short minute ( Dossey A ; Keegan 2013 ) . This touches more in the head. bosom and psyche. The paper provides a treatment of caring minutes and each facet of caring touches patients in their integrity. There is the facet of healing ; in a state of affairs of exposure there is person to prolong them. The baronial medical pattern becomes more of unfastened love and caregiving to those in demand. We will write a custom essay sample on Watsons Theory of Human Caring Paper Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Watsons Theory of Human Caring Paper Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Watsons Theory of Human Caring Paper Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Background and Major Concepts Watson’s theory of human caring focal points on the interconnectedness between the nurse and his/her patients. Nurses play a critical function in the healing procedure of the patients as they show support and lovingness towards them. The theory besides outlines critical and powerful curative connexions. Watson believed lovingness was the most of import facet of the patient-nurse relationship ( Jesse A ; Alligood 2013 ) . Nurses undergo preparation of constructs of love. religion. trust and apprehension that aid in developing caring relationships and spread outing on high-quality health care. The theory was developed in 1975 when Jean Watson was learning the University of Colorado. It developed from his positions of nursing and more in conveying attending to the wellness profession of the lovingness values and patterns to the society at big. She focused more on interior healing of the patients and how the nurses can carry through this healing by turn outing alone attention ( J esse A ; Alligood 2013 ) . Watson’s theory of human caring contains four major constructs. These are a clinical Caritas procedure that shows love and outlines the inspiring love all persons portion with one another. Caritas is the manner human being connect support and attention in their integrity. This entails their organic structure head and the psyche. Watson’s used 10 Caritas constructs to demo the caregiving pronunciamento in the day-to-day maps of the nurses ( Jesse A ; Alligood 2013 ) . This would finally advance trust. hope. and understanding in the work environment. The Caritas procedures should give waies to pattern the theory. They include demoing love and kindness. religion and hope. taking attention of each individual religious beliefs values and patterns. keeping healthy and trustful relationships and accepting positive and negative feelings portrayed by each party. Others are encompassing the scientific method of decision-making and work outing the jobs. all instruction and acquis ition should turn to each person’s needs. The physical environment should be fit for human self-respect. The organic structure. head. and souls demands should be addressed and eventually let an chance for miracles to be performed ( Nelson A ; Watson 2013 ) . These above 10 procedures references caregiving consequences in both the patient-nurse relationship and interactions. In add-on. the caring environment should be to assist better. stabilise. and enhance healing. The 2nd major conceptual elements of Watson theory is a transpersonal lovingness relationship. A batch of emphasizes is laid on the humanist construct of nursing aligned with scientific promotions ( Vandenhouten. Kubsch. Murdock A ; Lehrer 2012 ) . Nursing is taken as an act of professionalism. scientific human attention minutess. Caring emphasizes more holistically with an thought that integrity is more than combined amount of parts ( MSherry A ; Watson 2012 ) . Everyone is extremely valued. and a batch of attention should be given to him/her. A sense of integrity is more emphatic when it comes to wellness. and an enabling environment should be created. The critical function of the nurse is to show an confidant and trusty relationship with the patient and be able to unders tand the agonies of the client. The lovingness state of affairss harmonizing to Watson occur when patient and nurses join custodies and interact to convey a transformational alteration. The nurse has a authorization to protect the clients and neer handle them as objects but with a positive respect ( McSherry A ; Watson 2012 ) . The 3rd one is caring moment/caring occasions genuinely shows the minute the nurses experience state of affairss greater than they are sing. They explore and avail themselves to give optimum attention. and guarantee the demands of the patients are met. The nurses become connected and interact freely with the patients ; their presence in the patients becomes their duty. The relation may besides travel deeper and do nurses make connexions to the whole society at big to widen on the assisting manus ( Jesse A ; Alligood 2013 ) . The 4th is the map of lovingness and mending consciousness. In this instance. the nurse must adhere to the alterations in human life and phenomena. Watson demonstrates that human existences react the terminal consequences achieved finally. It takes the attention and focal point of the nurse to accomplish desired and successful healing. The motive and energy the nurse utilizations determines how a patient heals. Caring –healing and loving consciousness occurs when clip. infinite. and energy are administered optimally ( Dossey. A ; Keegan 2013 ) . Patient-Nurse Interaction Patient-nurse relationship is a caring minute ; the nurse connects with the patient and develops an in-depth apprehension of the patient’s jobs. It involves hesitating and be to the full present to demo compassion beyond what has been practiced in the yesteryear. The nurse experiences the patient’s jobs as their and attempts in all agencies possible to work out the jobs. In a lovingness minute. the nurse can prosecute in duologue with the patients. connect with them and pull out information beyond the outer visual aspect of the patient. A batch is learnt of the behaviour of the patients and in the terminal the nurse learns how to co-relate with the patient ( Dossey A ; Keegan 2013 ) . The human-to-human unfastened relationship expands out caring and supports alive our humanity. These deepen and prolong the relationship and extinguish the impression of cut downing the patients to the position of the object ( Smith. Turkel A ; Wolf 2012 ) . Nurses create a comfy and ena bling environment and Patients feel at easiness. and more loved in the society and this increases their healing processes. As a nurse. I feel obliged to work for the society and unconditioned love for my patients. This is merely by prosecuting in a healthy nurse-patient relationship where both patient and the nurse benefits. Concept of Caring The construct of lovingness is greatly emphasized by Watson theory. As a nurse. I can understand more about human lovingness. During this interaction. I am more informed about the manner to manage my patients. and how to prosecute them in duologues. I can besides portion important information about their wellness at easiness and make an enabling environment for a speedy healing procedure. I learn human lovingness is an germinating work in advancement. it transcends and adapt to our celerity and the energy we exude to the patients. The nurse pattern should alter in line with the alterations in the society. Patients respond good when all their physical emotional and religious demands are addressed ( Dossey A ; Keegan 2013 ) . Thomas augustus watsons appreciates the demands for the nurse to understand that they must happen their inner and self-help to widen self-importance self as a manner of gap and pouring their Black Marias to others with love. sensitiveness. apprehension. and compassion. The patients perceived my caring minute as another dimension of nurse pattern that is hidden and neer explored. They believe more in me and have assurance when puting out their jobs to me. They believe they are in for a assisting manus and that all their agonies will come to an terminal. and their jobs solved. They seek comfort in nurses. and their emotions are stable. And this leads to a profound mending procedure. Patients perceive the nurses as warriors to alleviate the anxiousness and fright. to place these symptoms and assist them decide them. The patients believed the nurses are more likely to place and pull off their demands. Watson portrays an intensely deep connexion developed by the nurse to his/her patients ( Smith. Turkel A ; Wolf 2012 ) . Caring Moment. Interaction. or Relationship What is required to heighten a lovingness minute interaction is to pattern self-care on the side of the nurses. Self-care brings closer nurses liquors. consciousness and allows them to experience connected with the milieus and have a feeling of the cosmic love ( Sitzman. A ; Watson 2013 ) . Nurses are supposed to take attention of themselves so as to be able to take attention of the patients. They should guarantee strong love exist amongst themselves so spread it to the patients. Nurses should be more disciplined and hardworking. More research should besides be done to heighten the usage of scientific cognition in handling the patients. This would guarantee patients have complete trust in the nurses. Metaparadigm Metaparadigm in Watson’s theory is a individual. wellness. nursing and the environment ( Sitzman. A ; Watson 2013 ) . They are of import in human lovingness. To efficaciously handle a patient it is a must a nurse return at tention of these four factors. For case. the individual is most of import. without the human being the nurse has no intent. therefore a individual is the 1 to be treated. nurtured and cared for hence the facet of human lovingness. The attitude of the nurse can impact the recovery of the patients. Nurses should ever portray positive attitude toward the patients. The wellness of the patients should be an duty to be carried out by the nurses. Different patients have different wellness conditions. which should be addressed otherwise. To keep good interaction nurses need to run each individual based on their wellness issues ( Sitzman and Watson. 2013 ) . A healthy environment should be created for all patients ; they should be less depressed by their unwellness for a rapid recovery. Nurses should be present at all times to soothe and nurse the patients. In nursing. portion of meta-paradigm shows compassion and the duty of fostering attention to the patients. There is the kernel of compassionate and lovingness ( Vandenhouten. Rubsch. Murdock and Lehrer 2012 ) . Carative Factors Watson theory of human lovingness was utilized in the lovingness minute. first by the pattern of love. and kindness to self and others. He emphasized the demand to be unfastened with others. attention for one’s ego and others. formalizing the singularity of others and appreciating them. A strong relationship is built on accepting one another. honouring single gifts and handling each other with loving kindness. In add-on. demonstrate regard and acknowledge strengths and failings in ego and other ( Sitzman A ; Watson 2013 ) . The 2nd carative factor is the inculcation of religion and hope. One is needed to be genuinely present and prolonging the system of one being nurtured and cared for. By listening I was able to honour the patient’s beliefs and enable them to experience a sense of hope and religion. Human caring demands connexion. interaction and promoting others in the ability to travel on with life. every bit good as sing individual as a human being and non an object. It makes it easier for ego and others to believe in themselves and make an chance for silence and contemplation ( Smith. Turkel A ; Wolf 2012 ) . The 3rd one is the cultivation of sensitiveness. It involves being sensitive to self and others by fostering single beliefs and spiritual patterns. This ensures patient’s demands and feelings are adhered to. and a more trusting. lovingness and helpful relationship is created. Healthy interactions are maintained by the ability to forgive ego and others and more echt involvement in others ( Sitzman. A ; Watson 2013 ) . Perform duties of giving attention taking to mending procedures and mending interactions. The 4th factor is publicity and credence of the look of positive and negative feelings. This factor was extremely emphasized in human lovingness. Being present and supportive of positive and negative feelings is a connexion of inner ego and the patients ( Dossey. A ; Keegan 2013 ) . I co-create a lovingness relationship with the support of caring environments to advance religious. emotional and physical growing. I was able to assist others see good facets of their state of affairs by accepting and assisting them cover with their negative feelings. Decision Watson’s theory of human caring gives nurses a platform to execute and show lovingness behaviours. The theory lays out an unfastened act of lovingness. which is of major importance in the healing procedure. Human caring facets have the ability to overpass the kineticss of human happenings. The patient-nurse relationship holds the key to recovery. Watson in his school of idea said one has to take attention of himself in order to take attention of others and supply attention and huge love. Mentions Dossey. B. M. A ; Keegan. L. ( 2013 ) . Holistic nursing: A enchiridion for pattern. Burlington. MA: Jones A ; Bartlett Learning ) Jesse. D. E. . A ; Alligood. M. R. ( 2013 ) . Watson’s doctrine and theory of transpersonal lovingness. Nursing theoreticians and their work. 79. McSherry. W. MSherry. R. A ; Watson. R. ( Eds. ) . ( 2012 ) . Care in Nursing: Principles. Valuess. and Skills. Oxford University Press. Sitzman. K. . A ; Watson J. ( 2013 ) . Caring Science. Mindful Practice: Implementing Watson’s Human Caring Theory. Springer Printing Company. Smith. M. C. . Turkel. M. C. A ; Wolf. Z. R. ( Eds. ) . ( 2012 ) . Caring in nursing classics: An indispensable resource. Springer Printing Company. Vandenhouten. C. . Kubsch. S. Peterson. M. Murdock. J. A ; Lehrer. L ( 2012 ) . Watson’s Theory of Transpersonal Caring: Factors Impacting Nurses Professional Caring. Holistic nursing pattern. 26 ( 6 ) . 326-334.

Profile of Serial Rapist and Killer Richard Ramirez, The Night Stalker

Profile of Serial Rapist and Killer Richard Ramirez, The Night Stalker Richard Ramirez, also known as Ricardo Leyva Muà ±oz Ramà ­rez, was a serial rapist and killer who operated in the Los Angeles and San Francisco areas from 1984 until his capture in August 1985. Dubbed the Night Stalker by the news media, Ramirez was one of the most vicious killers in U.S. history. Early Life of Richard Ramirez Ricardo Leyva, also known as Richard Ramirez, was born in El Paso, Texas, on February 28, 1960, to Julian and Mercedes Ramirez. Richard was the youngest child of six, epileptic, and described by his father as being a good boy, until his involvement with drugs. Ramirez admired his father, but at the age of 12, he found a new hero, his cousin Mike, a Vietnam veteran and ex-Green Beret. Mike, home from Vietnam, shared gruesome pictures of rape and human torture with Ramirez, who became fascinated with the pictorial brutality. The two spent a lot of time together, smoking pot and talking about war. On one such day, Mikes wife began to complain about her husbands laziness. Mikes reaction was to kill her by shooting her in the face, in front of Richard. He was sentenced to seven years for the murder Drugs, Candy and Satanism: By the age of 18, Richard was a habitual drug user and chronic candy eater, resulting in tooth decay and extreme halitosis. He also became involved in Satan worshipping and his general poor appearance enhanced his satanic persona. Already arrested on numerous drug and theft charges, Ramirez decided to move to southern California. There he advanced from simple theft to burglarizing homes. He became very proficient at it and eventually started to linger in the homes of his victims. On June 28, 1984, his burglaries turned into something far eviler. Ramirez entered through an opened window of Glassel Park resident, Jennie Vincow, age 79. According to Philip Carlos book, The Night Stalker, he became angry after not finding anything of value to steal, and began stabbing the sleeping Vincow, eventually slitting her throat. The act of killing aroused him sexually, and he had sex with the corpse before leaving. Savored Memories Fade: Ramirez remained quiet for eight months, but the memory he savored of his last killing had run dry. He needed more. On March 17, 1985, Ramirez jumped 22-year-old Angela Barrio outside her condo. He shot her, kicked her out of the way, and headed into her condo. Inside, was her  roommate, Dayle Okazaki, age 34, who Ramirez immediately shot and killed. Barrio remained alive out of pure luck. The bullet had ricocheted off the keys she held in her hands, as she lifted them to protect herself. Within an hour of killing Okazaki, Ramirez struck again in Monterey Park. He jumped 30-year-old Tsai-Lian Yu and pulled her out of her car onto the road. He shot several bullets into her and fled. A policeman found her still breathing, but she died before the ambulance arrived. Ramirezs thirst was not quenched. He then murdered an eight-year-old girl from Eagle Rock, just three days after killing Tsai-Lian Yu. Post-mortem Mutilations Become His Mark: On March 27, Ramirez shot Vincent Zazarra, age 64, and his wife Maxine, age 44. Mrs. Zazzaras body was mutilated with several stab wounds, a T-carving on her left breast, and her eyes were gouged out. The autopsy determined that the mutilations were post-mortem. Ramirez left footprints in the flower beds, which the police photographed and cast. Bullets found at the scene were matched to those found at previous attacks, and the police realized a serial killer was on the loose. Two months after killing the Zazzara couple, Ramirez attacked again. Harold Wu, age 66, was shot in the head, and his wife, Jean Wu, age 63, was punched, bound, and then violently raped. For unknown reasons, Ramirez decided to let her live. Ramirezs attacks were now in full throttle. He left behind more clues to his identity and was named, The Night Stalker, by the media. Those who survived his attacks provided the police with a description - Hispanic, long dark hair, and foul smelling. Pentagrams Found at the Crime Scene: On May 29, 1985, Ramirez attacked Malvial Keller, 83, and her invalid sister, Blanche Wolfe, 80, beating each with a hammer. Ramirez attempted to rape Keller, but failed. Using lipstick, he drew a pentagram on Kellers thigh and the wall in the bedroom. Blanche survived the attack. The next day, Ruth Wilson, 41, was bound, raped, and sodomized by Ramirez, while her 12-year old son was locked in a closet. Ramirez slashed Wilson once, and then bound her and her son together, and left. Ramirezs was like a savage animal as he continued raping and killing throughout 1985. The victims included: June 27, 1985 - Ramirez raped a 6-year-old girl in Acadia.June 28, 1985 - Patty Higgins, age 32, was beaten and her throat slit.July 2, 1985 - Mary Cannon, age 75, was beaten and her throat slit.July 5, 1985 - Deidre Palmer, age 16, survived being beaten with a tire iron.July 7, 1985 - Joyce Lucille Nelson, 61, was bludgeoned to death.July 7, 1985 - Linda Fortuna, 63, was attacked and Ramirez tried to rape her, but failed.July 20, 1985 - Maxson Kneiling, 66, and his wife Lela, also 66, were shot and their corpses, mutilated.July 20, 1985 - Chitat Assawahem, 31, was shot and his wife Sakima, 29, was beaten then forced to perform oral sex. Ramirez then collected $30,000 in valuables, but before leaving, he sodomized the couples eight-year-old son.August 6, 1985 - Ramirez shot both Christopher Petersen, 38, and his wife, Virginia, 27, in the head. Both somehow survived.August 8, 1985 - Ramirez shot Ahmed Zia, 35, and raped and sodomized his wife, Suu Kyi, 28, and forced her to perform o ral sex on him. Bill  Carns and Inez Erickson On Aug. 24, 1985, Ramirez traveled 50 miles south of Los Angeles and broke into the home of Bill Carns, 29, and his fiancà ©e, Inez Erickson, 27. Ramirez shot Carns in the head and raped Erickson. He demanded she swear her love for Satan and afterward, forced her to perform oral sex on him. He then tied her and left. Erickson struggled to the window and saw the car Ramirez was driving. A teenager wrote down the license plate number of the same car, after noticing it cruising suspiciously in the neighborhood. The information from Erickson and the young man enabled police to locate the abandoned car and get fingerprints from inside. A computer match was made of the prints, and identification of the Night Stalker became known. On August 30, 1985, the arrest warrant for Richard Ramirez was issued and his picture released to the public. Next The End of the Night Stalker - Richard Ramirez   Sources Carlo, Philip. The Night Stalker: The Life and Crimes of Richard Ramirez. Reprint edition, Citadel, August 30, 2016. Hare, Robert D. Without Conscience: The Disturbing World of the Psychopaths Among Us. 1 edition, The Guilford Press, January 8, 1999.

Neural Networks Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Neural Networks - Research Paper Example This paper presents an overview of the Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). This paper will outline the basic idea, some history and uses of ANN. Basically an artificial neural network is a collection of programs of data structures that is almost capable of the process of the human brain. In this scenario, a neural network encompasses a wide variety of processors that work collaboratively, each with its own small sphere of facts and makes use of the data in its local memory. In addition, an ANN can be considered as a computer program or simulation that is built through a wide variety of clear-cut and extremely unified processing components that are capable of managing information by means of their active state reaction to inputs. In fact, artificial neural networks have the capability to solve those problems that are difficult to resolve using traditional processes and techniques, as well as sometime a lot of them have been tackled through neural networks, for instance forecasting gras sland community, analysis of seismic signals or solar radiation, control of chaotic dynamical systems, data and air quality control and categorization of remotely sensed information (Benvenuto & Marani, 2000; Giles, 1998; Laudon & Laudon, 1999). According to (Stergiou & Siganos, 2010), an artificial neural network is a data processing model that is inspired by the method of biological nervous systems information processing. Neural Network is also a renowned and heavily researched area of the AI. Stergiou & Siganos (2010) described that in the neural network field the working of human neuron is copied into the computer based systems. In addition, the neural network is an AI based computer program which imitates the human nervous systems’ working. It is based on neural net which has weights on each node that can be adjusted to make suitable decisions. Such systems are typically seen in automatic driving systems that are under-research and at the early stages of development (Ste rgiou & Siganos, 2010; Laudon & Laudon, 1999). The history of the artificial neural networks can be traced back to the 1940's with the introduction of the first neural network computing model, which was presented by McCulloch and Pitts. In the 1950's, Rosenblatt's work got a considerable attention of researchers. Additionally, this work was further resulted in a two-layer network, the perceptron, which was able to learn various classifications by making changes to connection weights. Without a doubt, the

Using Borrowed Material Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Using Borrowed Material - Essay Example Copyright material provides some rights to the person acquiring the licence under copyright laws. The material that is authorized to the person who owns it has the authority to permit or stop others from using it. It is an intellectual property of the original owner and permission must be obtained before using that material for any purpose regardless of the issues relating to its use e.g. urgency, relevance or compulsion. The case in question relates to the use of copyrighted pictures without prior permission and provides an evaluation of alternative choice that was available and more appropriate. In the scenario in question, there are a few facts that are relevant to the act done by Sam Jones. The decision of Sam Jones to use copyrighted material was not an independent factor for using it. Time constraints also led him to use the material without ‘prior’ permission. Time limitation was the greatest fact that led to such a step. In addition, the scenario clearly explains the pressure and compulsion on him to do this unethical and undesirable activity of using copyrighted material without prior permission of the original owner of the photos. Copyrighted material is basically an intellectual property of the original owner of the material published. The copyright laws are connected to the copyrighted material and require every person to take permission before anyone uses the copyrighted material. ‘Prior’ permission to use the copyrighted material is mandatory or else the use of such material will be held liable for infringement (Zimberoff, 2002 p. 188-192). The problem in the above scenario is hence the credibility of the action done by Sam Jones. Was it reasonable and fair to use the material without obtaining permission beforehand? Was it a nice idea to contact the owner of the copyrighted material after using the material?

Aggregate planning in manufacturing and aggregate planning in services Assignment

Aggregate planning in manufacturing and aggregate planning in services - Assignment Example Companies dealing in manufacturing processes use a variety of strategies. The most common methods are the Level plans or the Chase strategies (Maropoulos, McKay & Bramall, 2002). The Chase method entails corresponding capacity and demand depending on the market situations. This method triggers a significant movement of human resource, increased costs associated with inventory carriage and labor union issues associated with human resource movement. This method ensures minimal inventory levels, saving large sums of money for the company. The Level method entails a constant production level, not dependent on the demand levels in the market. Companies that apply this method, therefore, maintain a constant employment rate. Organizations are, therefore, able to control inventory depending on market demand forecasts or future anticipations. Service provision does not involve tangible goods and, therefore, does not involve inventory accumulation. Organizations that provide services do not have the luxury of adjusting their "inventories" in periods of low or high demand. Therefore, services are regarded as fragile or consumables, whereby the services available but unused are regarded as wasted. A good example is in the transport industry, where companies offer bus services between destinations. An empty seat cannot be sold to another individual at a later period, and therefore considered as wasted. Aggregate planning is best suited for the manufacturing industry because organizations have the capability to create, hold and put up for sale stock at any period. On the other hand, aggregate planning in service provision varies significantly because services cannot be stocked. Both the capacity and the demand for service provision are difficult to assess and predict respectively. Labor is regarded as the most limiting factor in service

Comparison Of Identity In The Bell Jar Selected Poems English Literature Essay

Comparison Of Identity In The Bell Jar Selected Poems English Literature Essay Sylvia Plath is primarily known for her poetry and her semi-autobiographical novel The Bell Jar, written under the pseudonym Victoria Lucas. Both her poetry in Sylvia Plath Selected Poems and her novel The Bell Jar underline many key issues within Plaths own life, and both emphasize many different themes. One of the key and strongest themes running throughout both of these texts is the theme of identity. Through Plaths confessional poetry style and her semi-autobiographical novel the reader is able to pick up on Plaths own struggles regarding identity, linking back to her battles with mental illness. Many of the key ideas addressed in The Bell Jar are also picked upon within some of her poems. The novel is, as bitter and remorseless as her last poems written before her suicide on 11th February 1963. The novel The Bell Jar was originally published in 1963 under the pseudonym Victoria Lucas, only to be published in Plaths name in 1971, years after her death; Sylvia Plath Selected Poems was published in 1985, after being put together by her former husband Ted Hughes. Here Esther is parodying herself, thinking that she is something different from what she actually is, thus distorting reality. She is also making fun of herself through her appearance, through harsh misinterpretations. She does this through the use of a mirror, by seeing something that isnt really there- changing reality into her own view of the distorted image, further showing her inability to comprehend her own features and identity. Plath uses colloquial language throughout the novel, which is apparent through the use of words such as a big, smudgy eyes, the use of informal language is also apparent in some of her poetry. She also refers to herself in the first person a lot, through the use of the word I and myself (herself in the novel is the protagonist Esther Greenwood). The same idea can be seen through Plaths poem Mirror written in 1961. Even though this poem was written in 1961, 2 years before her death, Plaths deterioration is apparent to the reader. In this poem, Plath foc uses on the mirror and the idea behind it, depicting what its purpose is and what it sees; I am sliver and exact. I have no preconceptions. Whatever I see I swallow immediately, just as it is, unmisted by love or dislike. Here, Plath is saying that the mirror reflects reality, this contrasts with the ideas put forth in The Bell Jar, as within the novel Esther doesnt see what is exactly in the mirror, she perceives herself differently to how others see her, unlike the mirror in the poem, which has no preconceptions, it says how it shows things for how they are, doesnt change reality in any way in the first stanza. Although the tone changes in the second stanza, as it can be linked to Esther in the novel, as it is about the woman and what she perceives; Now I am a lake. The image of the lake can be interpreted as the idea of water, this idea can be linked the theme of distorted images as water moves and distorts the actual image concealed underneath. This poem shows how bad Plaths state of mind was, as does the portrayal of Esther within the novel. The language in the poem differs from that of the novel, as it is less informal than that of Esther Greenwood, it has a more serious tone, once again could be linked to the unstable state of Plath herself. The tone of the poem changes from stanza one to stanza two, the first being more positive than the latter; the change occurs when the identity changes from that of the mirror to that of the woman. From these two sections of both the novel and the poem Mirror we can see that the idea of faces and perception is important when considering the idea of identity within the two. Esthers obsession with her own appearance is also shadowed later on in the novel when she says the face in the mirror looked like a s ick Indian, thus showing her constant distortion. Another identity issue addressed within both the novel and selected poems is the idea of womanhood within identity. Within The Bell Jar Esther separates herself from everybody else through the idea of womens rights. She doesnt want to conform to the rest of society by following the traditional social rules that were in place at the time; for example, marriage and children. She also wishes to lose her virginity due to the fact that promiscuity in men is acceptable but in women is frowned upon; and maybe gone out and slept with somebody myself just to even things up, and then thought no more about it. Within the novel Esther talks bluntly about sex, she doesnt talk about it romantically; it appears to her to be merely an act that must be carried out in order to be a woman, and to get back at Buddy Willard. Here the use of the words slept with somebody reimburses the idea of a lax attitude towards sex, and the casualness about it. Esther keeps up this pretence throughout the course of the novel keeping the same rigidity in views. She also presents this idea in a violent way, using violent images to portray the ideas of sex. Her rejection and failure to conform with societies ideals shows the harsh, bitter and unforgiving world that torments her mind. The violent imagery connected with sex is apparent in chapter 9 during Esthers encounter with Marco; The ground soared and stuck me with a soft shock. Mud Squirmed through my fingers. Marco waited until I half rose. Then he put both his hands on my shoulders and flung me back. Throughout this encounter of the novel lots of bloody and violent images are used to portray the possibility of a sexual encounter. The use of the word squirmed gives the impression of uncomfortable and indecent behaviour; also that Esther isnt enjoying the experience. This can be linked to one of Plaths poems Maudlin. This poem emphasises how the woman is anxious about her sexuality, as it is about a young virgin. The poem uses lots of imagery to portray painful images of sex, and womanhood. The poem uses alliteration to incorporate these images together, by using phrases such as mud mattressed, by using these as starting words for a poem, the reader already feels uncomfortable as the words themselves are unflattering and dirty; But at the price of a pin-stitched skin Fish-tailed girls purchase each white leg. This section of the poem could be linked to the idea of the little mermaid, and the fact that everything hurts, as she paid for her legs with pain, the word pin-stitched emphasises this. The idea being that you tolerate pain for no purpose, therefore linking negativity with the idea of womanhood and sexuality; the main in this instance being menstruation and childbirth. Even the title of the poem links to sadness as maudlin means to be upset or sad, thus further linking the idea of womanhood to pain and suffering, the words purchase each white leg indicate the pain in menstruation and childbirth within this poem.

Meta Tags and Meta Keywords :: Internet Technology Essays

Meta Tags and Meta Keywords Meta Tags are thought to be the be all-end all of search engine rankings. This is not true. Meta Tags are a necessary, but not a sufficient condition for high rankings. Meta tags are designed to provide basic information to the search engine about the site. Meta tags appear at the top of the HTML document within the <head></head> section of the document. In the following example, nine different types of Meta Tags are identified: Content-Type, Copyright, Resource-type, ObjectType, Author, Rating, Distribution, Description, and Keywords. The two meta tags of primary interest to search engines are the â€Å"Description† and â€Å"Keywords† tags. These tags describe the contents and key words for the search engine. <HTML> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> <meta http-equiv="Copyright" content="1998, 1999 MotorCities.com, Inc."> <meta name="Resource-type" content="Document"> <meta name="ObjectType" content="Journal"> <meta name="Author" content="Car Pictures .com Webmaster"> <meta name="Rating" content="General"> <meta name="Distribution" content="Global"> <meta name="Description" content="Gallery of car pictures, car videos, car sounds, car photos, car photographs, automobile pictures, automobile videos, automobile sounds, automobile photos, automobile photographs, auto pictures, auto videos, auto sounds, auto photos, auto photographs, pictures of cars."> <meta name="Keywords" content="Gallery of car pictures, car videos, car sounds, car photos, car photographs, automobile pictures, automobile videos, automobile sounds, automobile photos, automobile photographs, auto pictures, auto videos, auto sounds, auto photos, auto photographs, pictures of cars, Porsche pictures, Ferrari pictures, Lamborghini pictures."> <title> Car Pictures .com -- Gallery of pictures (photos or photographs), video, sounds, wallpaper and specifications of all cars, motorcycles and all vehicles. </title> </HEAD> Several excellent sources that detail the use of the Meta Tag are: The Web Developer’s Virtual Library (http://wdvl.com/Authoring/HTML/Head/Meta/ ) Search Engine Watch (http://searchenginewatch.internet.com/webmasters/meta.html) Internet Marketing Chapter 13: Driving Traffic to Your Site: Understanding and Using Search Engines for Search and Site Optimization. Adding Keywords Using the META Tag Maximum -800 characters. Adding keywords simply requires editing the HTML code and adding the meta tags, as in the following example. The top of a web page source code on your site might look like: <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>ACME Corporation Devices Information</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <H1>ACME Corporation Innovative Opening Devices Information</H1> Create a META tag with the following information: <META name="keywords" content="brochure"> TO ADD ADDITIONAL KEYWORDS <META name="keywords" content="brochure, widget, wholesale"> The top of your HTML document would then look like: <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>ACME Corporation Devices Information</TITLE> <META name="keywords" content="brochure, widget, wholesale"> </HEAD> <BODY> <H1>ACME Corporation Innovative Devices Information</H1> QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT META KEYWORDS Q) META keywords tag - should I use UPPERCASE, lowercase or a mixture, commas or spaces? A) Use lowercase, separated by commas, with a space after the comma.